Log raft



M. J. DAVIS June 7, 1927.

' 2 sneet-sneez 1 Filed Dec. 2L 19,24

/A/vE-NTOR MATTHEW 1/ Av/S ATTORNEYS June 7,21927. 1M. J. DAVIS-v1,631,403

LOG RAFT Filed Dec.1. 1924 2 sheets-snee: 2

/NvENroR v MATTHEW d. DAV/s -BY d 40 binding logs end to end.

, 45 v Fig.

, Patented June'l7,l1927.

=MATTHEW J.. -DAvIsQ'or RORTLAND, oREGON. fili toenam.

Y AApnlieati(on ledbecember invention ij'elatesto improvementsin logsrafts, the objects of the` invention being amongst other things, toprovide means for binding `the raft `together that the logs form- I5ing'the floor layer ofY the raft -niay' be released whencertainwbindings ,or ties yare loosened, to provide foirthe yrnainJIbindir'igs being fastenedto afcentre stifclrso thatI as the raft is'broken up, such'ties maybe rer 10 Claimed from one log only, `and.further to provide means for preventing the lendwise movement of theupperlayereof legs adjacent the en ds'of the raft.

15 ioor layer of logs 'laid side by side land Vbound'together by pairsof `transversely ldisf posed lines eiz'tendingfroni the @entre stick totheboom'st-ick,` the pairs oflines being. `fastened together 'atftheboom sticks, and la 20 plurality of ,layersy ofr logssuperimposed .upon.thefloor layer. and bound thereto, as

`vvillbeinorefully described in the following specicatiOn, in which Y,llig.v l isatransverse sectionY of the floor l 2.5 layer showing themanner in which the logs thereof'arebound together. l

Fig. 2 isv a transverse ,section'roi thel floor layershowing thedispositionof the fasten-V ingo'f the binding `ropes after the-iloorhas.30 .been submerged by thesuperimposed-load of ,F ig. 3 is va transversevevv show ing'the endbindings of. the raft;v ,Figs andv areV transversesections show ;g5,ifng Vthe manner in Vwhich the overtes are connected.toy the raft lfloor, f Fig. 6 is apart elevational and partjsectionallongitudinal view of the raft. Fig 7 is 'a View showing a method' ofFig.: 8 is a, View showing shortening the distance between adjacent logVends which had. beenv previouslybound.

binding the 'ropes @meeting the ende oraleKV side boomsprep'aratory-torrernoving the rope 'jclainpsV f f' f1.-

Fig 10 is a detail .view showing-the 'meth- 5 0 od of applyingthebin'dingto said ropes.v

In the drawings vlikeeharaeters of refer- "enc'e indicate correspondingparts in each 'gll'eref 'Y 't v1,. 5' ff'f` i it .a.viewto showing moreparticularly 'l e155 the path A of -theseyeral` binding? lineagtheivhichmay bel formed kof a pluralityoflogs arranged end to vend andiconnected together he ,lnventionfconsisfts ,essentially 'of a- A`raitVwhen;completed. v l

y'bringing` itv 4underneath the,l side :boom Y as .the method-:offrea'ched, each 1 then ,being drawn up. l and f up-in :any position andare 'Afterztherfloor hasbeeniboundtogether; y overti'ej-linesi,(shofvvnjinsolidflolaekjlnel il@ a f lines-offene serieszvin l'ligulres.y are shown -1n a manne'r .f distinctive to the lines ef member series,endffufther,while several' lines/ of,eachfseriesfL Willgbe usedthroughout the structure, but fevvfa'le illus- 60 l trated invorder'that theirshowing be* The ynuriieral l ind'catesl v@entre bychains' or other y`snitalolfje `means, and 'eX- tending for the lengthofthe rait;y Aare logs or'rovvs yoflogsarrangedsidefby side formingthe'floor of the raft. 'Wh-en .the raft is. made of more than onelogle'ngth, the logs yforming the loorparticularly are if Vsoarranged'that'the ends of the logs in one u royvgextend loeLVOlld' orshort ofthe ends of thelogs inthe ,adjoining rows, in orderj to providej for longitudinal y stability of Vthe 'The Iijllel'aliindicates 1.a.pairy `of side booms, which areformed with one or more rows of logsvbutted end to end and "conto project beyond-the ends offtliefraft v'forpassed thereoverV andthen tightly'nlarnped uponjits corresponding line 5`as. at` 7;-, (Fig. 1)` adjacent the Waterline *of the'raft floor,`

as thusformed.'` Sonne of the inner endsf8 .1 00 v off the;` linfes 5,ande 6 are 'drawn v`in vpailfs `between'the logs"a sth'e load'is imposedand' are bound about the logs forningnthe een"` itrall portion of theraft, such paiisfofropes do not necessarily@ encompass..the;v saine. set5 oflogs'throughout the' graft, but fare 2 carried togeth-erbverftheload.` v

"nectedtogethen Sonie of the loorlo'gsfat'` real yzfsene Figures 1, 2and which are attached pri-A marily to thecentre--stick 1 are drawn upbetweenVv the floor logs adjacent the side booms 3 and are laid out..pending the 'loading of the raft. y l

' The numeral 10 indicatesa plurality of "logs forming the superimposedload,'and

laidside by side and endV to end, preferably with theV abutting ends of"one row of logs at a distance from the abutting ends of the logs inadjoining rows, so vas to add stability to the` completedraft.Y Aplurality Lof logs 11Y '(see'y Figures 3f and 6') are arranged toV`project beyondl'the ends of the raft for the purposeof providing vasupport for and ineansfor securing"endV swifters'12 to the raft, suchlogs and swifters being bound to-y getherfbylines llwhich prevent thelateral spreading ofthe ends of the raft andk 1n con# sequence reduces'the towing resistance of the raft. Y i i The numeral 14 lindicates thetop/tier of logs which is somewhat shorter in'` total length thanthe'raft and is abutted at each 1 end with alog l'laid transversely ofthe raft, 'and'whichis securelyv bound by vertical lines'16 extendingdownwards to the end' swifters 12 and to the projecting ends of the logs4 (seerFigures .3 and 6). `The transverse logs 15are bound to eachotherby a plurality of longitudinally'disposed lines 17 i Afurthertransverselogs 18 underlying. them.r

which are prevented from falling in 'between the logs forming the toplayer'by means of VThe numeral`19 (see Figures 7""and8) indicates abinding rope which is eitherbound Varound adjacent log ends,particularly inthe between the logs ends-'one of the'logsfmay :be'rolledto disposethe intervening portion "20ofthe line 19 h'elicallyabout `thelogsas shownin Figure 8f The logs rolled as above described -toshortenthe end spacing are held Vagainst a return movement by theircontact fwith fother logs," further1nore the logsfso v boundk preventelongation of the bottom or sidesoftheraft and in consequencelpreventvfieXureofthei'aftbOdy; Y Y V The numeral 21 (see Figure y'5) lindicatesa plurality of overties which are carried -under the raft and arelbrought up lbetween the` floor logs adjacent the side lbooms land are,afterfthe complete loading ofthe raft,

carried over, theraft, their freel ends being giQopedmuna the Side bams'andvbeing fastened by clamps, back upon`.themselves.

LWhen the overties- 21^are temporarilyv secured,` the free` ends of-thefovertiesf9lare carried over the raft and looped .around a sideboom, beingthen fastened .upon themselvesin' a like manner.` Y.Eachovertie 21, when starting from the L side of the raft, isY firstpassed around ak floor log` adjoining the side boom and fastened uponitself with a clamp (see Fig. 5), the free end is then passed'over theside boom and brouo'fht'up between it and the adjoininglog, from thencevthe overtiel is passed inwardsof the raft over such log and down,thence-passing under Y,the raft lioorV and around the raft in themannerabove j described.` By connecting'nthemoverties in thismanner, thetendency of overties to cut into `the logs and bind, is vreduced to aminimum, permitting the ropes to run freely around the logs and becomedetached therefrom'as soon as the binding clamps Vare removed.k j Y,

The overties 9 and 21 are primarily tightened, then a further tighteningis effected upon the lines 17, rendering the raft a com- Aposite mass oflogscapable ofwithstanding the action of heavy seas without lossof logstherefrom. vLines 22Jareconnected to the end ofveach centre stick andare carried up over the transverselogs 15 and are extendedlongitudinally ofthe raft and after tighten ing, are bound together at4their point ,of meeting', these lines are"then connected at intervals tothe overties 9 and 2,1. Longitudinal lines ,23 are extended 'from' one.end ofthe raft tothe otherv adjacent the side booms and are connectedto the end swifters 12 (see Fig. 3) these lines are also clamped atintervals totheoverties9 and'21, so that the lines 22 and. 23 and theoverties9 and 21 forma fabric by which the raft is bound as arwholetoprevent its elongation,*orits distortion, during the towingv in roughwaters.' p l The numeral 24 (see Figs. 9 and 10) indicates V'a linewhich is passed around the ends of the side boomsv and their'free endsclamped together' as'at 25, for` the purpose of holding-the ends of theraft from spreading when-removing the fastening inea-ns of the severalropes during the breaking up of lthe raft at destination.l

' Toprevent any tendency to elongation of the raft during towing, a pairof tow ropes 126 areconnected to any suitable position in ffront of Vtheraft vand carried lengthwise thereof adjacent the side booms, and arethen passed through a pair'of dead eyes or blocks 27, secured to'the''after end and back'along the side booms 4and through a ring bolt28.

the Vfree ends being connected together for attachment to the ships towline..l

lPrior tof-releasing' the clamps 25, the l strands ofthe lines 29 aretightly-bound together with a lightline 30 woven iirstfabou't- 'onestrand and then f the other 'andf10) when' the .clamps can be removed,

(see Figs.

' a together.

'then when all other lines are freed attheir bindings, therv lines 29are cut, allowing the side booms to spread "apart, and the logs formingthe raft to come to rest in the water.

binding the ends lof the raft floor to the transverse logs and linesextending longitudinally of the raft to bind the transverse logs 2. In alog raft having a raft floor and a superimposed loadof lengths of logsbound to the raft floor, of ropes extendingalong 0pposite'sides of theraft, one end of .each rope being fastened adjacent the lforward end,the rope then extending 'to the rear end and passed through a dead eyeor-sheave and from thence being led back to the for` ward end passedthrough an eye with the end of the opposite side rope for connecytion toa tow rope.

3. In a log raft having a raft floor bounded by side booms and asuperimposedV loadv of logs upon the raft floor, of ropes connecting theends of one of the side booms to the ends of the other side booms, theends of said ropes being fastened together by clamps, and means fortemporarily binding the ends of the ropes together priorl to the removaloff'the clamps and the dismantling of the ra t. Y

lLl. In a log raft having a raft floor bounded by side booms, and asuperimposed load of logs upon the' raft floor, of ropes conapart.

necting the ends of oneof the side booms to the ends of the other sidebooms, the ends of said ropes being fastened together by clamps, andmeans for temporarily binding the ends of theropes together prior to theofthe raft, said binding means comprising Aa light line capable of beingeasily severed,

woven alternately around onerope and then Y around the other.

5. Themethod of dismantling a` log raft nl in which the ends of 'thesidebooms are con.-y nected together by bindingk ropes extending fromone side boomto another and the free ends ofthe ropes being broughttogether and* clamped, which consists of binding the strands of theropes together with alight line to take the strain normally carried bythe clamps, then removing the clamps and binding ropes and allow theraft to'spread- 6. Ina

removal of the -clamps "and the dismantling a yfinally severing thelightr line tovrelease the K y e '60; e, logvraft having a raft floorformed of logs and bounded by side booms, andaV lfloor and overtie ropeseach having one end passed around a floor log adjoining aside boom andfastened. back upon litself with :superimposed load of ylogs upon theraft clamps, the rope* being then passed around the side boom andbetween it and theadjoining log, thence being earriednpast such log andunder the floor of the raft and brought over the-raftand its free endfastened to the side boom.l` v Dated at Portland, Oregon, this'lllthdayof October, 1924. f

' Y MATTHEW J. Davis,

